Unidad 3: Método SimplexParticipación 9: Método de las Dos Fases
Min z = 2x1
+ 3x2
s.a.
1/2x1 +
1/4x2 ≤ 4
x1 +
3x2 ≥ 20
x1 +
x2 = 10
x1,
x2 ≥ 0
Forma ampliada:
Min z = 2x1
+ 3x2
s.a.
1/2x1 +
1/4x2 + x3 =4
x1 +
3x2 – x4 + a1 = 20
x1 +
x2 + a2 = 10
x1,
x2, x3, x4 ≥ 0
a1,
a2 ≥ 0
Forma Fase 1:
Min w = a1
+ a2 à wJ – C
w
= a1 + a2
w
- a1 - a2 = 0
s.a.
1/2x1 +
1/4x2 + x3 =4
x1 +
3x2 – x4 + a1 = 20
x1 +
x2 + a2 = 10
x1,
x2, x3, x4 ≥ 0
a1,
a2 ≥ 0
Forma Fase 2:
Min z = 2x1
+ 3x2
z - 2x1 +
3x2 = 0
Tablas:
|
X1
|
X2
|
X3
|
X4
|
a1
|
a2
|
Solución
|
Razón
|
wJ - cJ
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
-1
|
-1
|
0
|
-----
|
zJ - cJ
|
-2
|
-3
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
-----
|
X3
|
1/2
|
1/4
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
4
|
-----
|
a1
|
1
|
3
|
0
|
-1
|
1
|
0
|
20
|
-----
|
a2
|
1
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
10
|
-----
|
|
X1
|
X2
|
X3
|
X4
|
a1
|
a2
|
Solución
|
Razón
|
wJ - cJ
|
1
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
-1
|
0
|
10
|
-----
|
zJ - cJ
|
-2
|
-3
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
-----
|
x3
|
1/2
|
1/4
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
4
|
-----
|
a1
|
1
|
3
|
0
|
-1
|
1
|
0
|
20
|
-----
|
a2
|
1
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
10
|
-----
|
|
X1
|
X2
|
X3
|
X4
|
a1
|
a2
|
Solución
|
Razón
|
wJ - cJ
|
2
|
4
|
0
|
-1
|
0
|
0
|
30
|
-----
|
zJ - cJ
|
-2
|
-3
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
-----
|
x3
|
1/2
|
1/4
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
4
|
16
|
a1
|
1
|
3
|
0
|
-1
|
1
|
0
|
20
|
6.6
|
a2
|
1
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
10
|
10
|
|
X1
|
X2
|
X3
|
X4
|
a1
|
a2
|
Solución
|
Razón
|
wJ - cJ
|
2/3
|
0
|
0
|
1/3
|
-4/3
|
0
|
10/3
|
-----
|
zJ - cJ
|
-1
|
0
|
0
|
-1
|
1
|
0
|
20
|
-----
|
x3
|
5/12
|
0
|
1
|
1/12
|
-1/12
|
0
|
7/3
|
5.6
|
x2
|
1/3
|
1
|
0
|
-1/3
|
-1/3
|
0
|
20/3
|
20
|
a2
|
-2/3
|
0
|
0
|
-1/3
|
1/3
|
-1
|
-10/3
|
5
|
|
X1
|
X2
|
X3
|
X4
|
|
|
Solución
|
Razón
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
zJ - cJ
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
-1/2
|
|
|
25
|
-----
|
x3
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
-1/8
|
|
|
1/4
|
-----
|
x2
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
-1/2
|
|
|
5
|
-----
|
x1
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
1/2
|
|
|
5
|
-----
|
|
X1
|
X2
|
X3
|
X4
|
Solución
|
Razón
|
zJ - cJ
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
-1/2
|
25
|
-----
|
x3
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
-1/8
|
1/4
|
-----
|
x2
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
-1/2
|
5
|
-----
|
x1
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
1/2
|
5
|
-----
|
Este problema tiene solución múltiple, y una de ellas es:
x1 = 5
x2 = 5
x3 = 1/4
z= 25
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